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绿色“一带一路”建设是“一带一路”倡议的鲜明底色与重要内核,承载着推动全球可持续发展的时代使命,更是中国与世界各国携手构建人类命运共同体的重要举措。为此,论文基于2003—2022年中国对57个“一带一路”共建国家的投资与贸易数据,探究中国对“一带一路”共建国家直接投资对东道国绿色产品出口贸易的影响及作用机制。结果表明:(1)中国对外直接投资会显著促进“一带一路”共建国家的绿色产品出口,在进行内生性问题处理等一系列稳健性检验后,结论仍然成立,且促进作用在环境规制强度低、政府效率高、法治水平高的国家以及亚洲国家更为显著。(2)机制分析发现,中国对外直接投资主要通过绿色技术溢出、数字基础设施建设促进共建国家的绿色产品出口。(3)进一步分析发现,产业结构升级水平作用下的对外直接投资与绿色产品出口之间存在非线性关系,并且制度距离弱化了中国对外直接投资对东道国绿色产品出口贸易的促进作用。以上发现可为深化“一带一路”建设提供一定启示,中国对外直接投资不仅是拉动共建国家经济增长的引擎,更是推动其绿色转型的重要动能,研究结果为中国高质量共建“一带一路”提供了新视野。
Abstract:The development of a Green Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) represents a distinctive feature and core component of the BRI,bearing the mission of promoting global sustainable development while serving as a vital approach for China and other countries to jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind.Based on the panel data covering China's investment and trade with 57 BRI countries from 2003 to 2022,this paper investigates the impact and underlying mechanisms of China's outward direct investment on the export of green products from host countries along the BRI.The empirical results reveal that:(1) China's OFDI significantly promotes the export of green products from BRI countries.This conclusion remains robust after addressing endogeneity issues and conducting a series of robustness checks,with a more pronounced effect observed in countries with low environmental regulatory intensity,higher government efficiency,stronger rule of law,and in Asian economies.(2) Mechanism analysis indicates that China's OFDI primarily facilitates green product exports in host countries through channels such as green technology spillovers and the construction of digital infrastructure.(3) Further analysis identifies a nonlinear relationship between OFDI and green product exports under different levels of industrial upgrading,while institutional distance weakens the positive effect of China's OFDI on the export of green products from host countries.These findings provide valuable insights for advancing the Green BRI.China's OFDI not only serves as an engine driving economic growth in BRI countries but also acts as a key force in promoting their green transformation.The study offers new perspectives for the high-quality,sustainable development of the Belt and Road Initiative.
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(1)限于数据可得性,本文的研究对象包括阿尔巴尼亚(ALB)、阿联酋(ARE)、阿曼(OMN)、阿塞拜疆(AZE)、埃及(EGY)、爱沙尼亚(EST)、巴基斯坦(PAK)、巴林(BHR)、白俄罗斯(BLR)、保加利亚(BGR)、北马其顿(MKD)、波黑(BIH)、波兰(POL)、俄罗斯(RUS)、菲律宾(PHL)、格鲁吉亚(GEO)、哈萨克斯坦(KAZ)、黑山(MNE)、吉尔吉斯斯坦(KGZ)、柬埔寨(KHM)、捷克(CZE)、卡塔尔(QAT)、科威特(KWT)、克罗地亚(HRV)、拉脱维亚(LVA)、老挝(LAO)、黎巴嫩(LBN)、立陶宛(LTU)、马来西亚(MYS)、蒙古(MNG)、孟加拉国(BGD)、摩尔多瓦(MDA)、尼泊尔(NPL)、塞尔维亚(SRB)、沙特阿拉伯(SAU)、斯里兰卡(LKA)、斯洛伐克(SVK)、斯洛文尼亚(SVN)、塔吉克斯坦(TJK)、泰国(THA)、土耳其(TUR)、土库曼斯坦(TKM)、文莱(BRN)、乌克兰(UKR)、乌兹别克斯坦(UZB)、新加坡(SGP)、匈牙利(HUN)、叙利亚(SYR)、亚美尼亚(ARM)、也门(YEM)、伊拉克(IRQ)、伊朗(IRN)、以色列(ISR)、印度(IND)、印度尼西亚(IDN)、约旦(JOR)、越南(VNM)。
基本信息:
中图分类号:F746.12;F125
引用信息:
[1]王金亮,金晶.中国对外直接投资对东道国绿色产品出口贸易的影响——基于“一带一路”共建国家的实证研究[J].生态经济,2026,42(09):74-85.
基金信息:
2025年度黑龙江省高等学校基本科研业务费项目“中国OFDI促进‘一带一路’共建国家绿色贸易的机制与路径研究”(2025-KYYWF-ZR0348)
2026-04-12
2026-04-12
2026-04-12