生态经济

用水效率是开展节水型社会建设的关键指标。基于中国人多水少，水资源时空分布不均的基本水情，研究引入Super-SBM模型来评价中国31个省份2009—2018年的生活用水效率，采用空间计量模型分析生活用水效率全局自相关程度和局部集聚效应。结果表明：（1）中国生活用水效率总体波动下降，呈东高西低的分布态势，西部用水效率变化存在两极分化现象。（2）生活用水效率全局莫兰指数为正值且呈波动下降的趋势，H-H集聚区为北京、江苏和浙江；L-L集聚区为新疆、西藏、青海、甘肃和四川；H-L集聚区为广东，发挥局部空间溢出效应。（3）中国生活用水在用水量与经济发展的关系上存在正相关，区域间仍存在差异较大的平衡缺口。研究为科学有效的贯彻落实节水型社会建设提供理论借鉴。

Water efficiency is a key indicator for the construction of a water-saving society. Based on the basic water regime of China, where there are many people and limited water resources, and the spatiotemporal distribution of water resources is uneven, the Super-SBM model is introduced to evaluate the domestic water efficiency of 31 provinces in China from 2009 to 2018. A spatial econometric model is used to analyze the global autocorrelation degree and local agglomeration effect of domestic water efficiency. The results indicate that:(1) The overall fluctuation of China's domestic water use efficiency has decreased, showing a distribution pattern of high in the east and low in the west, and there is a polarization phenomenon in the changes in water use efficiency in the west.(2) The overall Moran's I of domestic water efficiency is positive and fluctuates downward. The H-H cluster is located in Beijing, Jiangsu and Zhejiang; The L-L cluster areas are Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, and Sichuan; The H-L cluster area is located in Guangdong, exerting local spatial spillover effects.(3) There is a positive correlation between domestic water consumption and economic development in China, and there are still significant balance gaps between regions. Research provides theoretical reference for the scientific and effective implementation of the construction of a water-saving society.